2024-02-21
affirmative action 学校或公司中必需有一定比例的少数群体
Majority Minority Race White Black and Asian Sex Men Women enlighten v. 启发；开导；阐明
The Enlightenment 启蒙运动
lead to = result in = bring about = induce = cause = spur
admissions officers 招生官、录取官
give a leg up 给一个帮助（过去帮人上马，需要抬起对方一条腿）
hispanic 说西班牙语的人（西班牙人和南美洲说西班牙语的人）
on one's own adv. 靠自己
of one's own adj. 自己的...
swanky adj. 时尚豪华昂贵的
constitution n. 宪法
constitute v. 组成（已经不常见了）
unconstitutional adj. 违宪的
declare + sth. + adj. 宣布某事是怎样的
rule n. 规则 v. 规定；裁决
Justice n. 美国最高法院法官（9 人）
chief justice n. 最高法院法官中的首席
judge n. 普通法官
spur v. 引发 n. 马刺
cause
induce
result in
lead to
bring about
amendment n. 修正案
clause n. 条款；从句
term n. 条款
apply for 申请（仅在介词 for 时译为申请）；其他环境下译为 适用
carve v. 雕刻
carve out 从某物中切割出来一部分；开拓事业、名望
carve-out 例外；分公司
float v. 提出；漂浮；波动
as to = about = as for = in terms of
selective adj. 选择性的；精挑细选的
selective school 录取严苛的学校
be the case 这个情况
would otherwise have been the case. 不是这样的情况。（前面有个 what 常常被省略）
Sth. happend. They do sth. fewer than (what) would otherwise have been the case. 一些事情发生了，他们做某件事更少了，比不是这样的情况下。
留学的流程
apply for 申请
accept or decline 学校接受或拒绝
offer 发邀请
enroll 注册入学
covet v. 非常想要
coveted adj. 所有人想要的
wind up = end up 最终
tier 级别
second-tier 第二级别
spectrum n. 光谱(引申义为等级表)
prestigious adj. 声望很高的（常用于形容学校和教授）
Had 打头的陈述句分句，是虚拟语气 had 倒装省略 if，可以直接把 had 当成 if 来理解
If you had become happy, you would do this.
等于
Had you become happy, you would do this.
等于
You would do this had you become happy.